I using fedora 28 my laptop. Now I will "Upgrading Fedora 28 to Fedora 29" . Fedora 29 was just officially releases . Before not yet Upgrading to Fedora 29. [huupv@huupv huuphan.com]$ cat /etc/redhat-release Fedora release 28 (Twenty Eight) Using the command line to Upgrading Fedora 28 to Fedora 29 Update software and backup your system [huupv@huupv huuphan.com]$ sudo dnf upgrade --refresh Install the DNF plugin [huupv@huupv huuphan.com]$ sudo dnf install dnf-plugin-system-upgrade Start the update with DNF [huupv@huupv huuphan.com]$ sudo dnf system-upgrade download --releasever=29 Reboot and upgrade [huupv@huupv huuphan.com]$ sudo dnf system-upgrade reboot

Introduction Iptables is a vital component for managing firewall rules on Linux systems, and it plays a crucial role in securing email servers like Zimbra Open Source. Properly configuring iptables ensures your email server is shielded from unauthorized access and potential cyber threats. This guide dives deep into the essentials of iptables configuration for Zimbra, offering both fundamental and advanced examples to streamline your setup. Why Iptables is Essential for Zimbra What is Iptables? Iptables is a command-line firewall utility in Linux used to manage incoming and outgoing traffic. It defines rules to allow, block, or redirect network packets. Role of Iptables in Zimbra Security : Prevent unauthorized access to Zimbra services. Traffic Control : Manage incoming mail and client requests. System Stability : Block malicious traffic to ensure smooth server operations. How to Configure Iptables for Zimbra Open Source Step 1: Installing Iptables Before configuring, ensure iptables i...

I guide to the Linux " Top command ". The top command allow monitor processes and system resource usage on Linux. It is a best tools for system admin. Top command in linux Getting start top command you can type "top" in terminal very simple. [huupv@huupv huuphan.com]$ top  If you want to quit, then press "q" The screen output terminal as below Top command usage example How to killing processes, sorting the process list, showing full paths, forest view and Listing processes from an user. Killing processes you want to kill a process, press "k" when top command is running and ask for the process ID and press enter. If you leave the process ID blank and hit enter. Sorting the process list The most frequent reasons to use a tool like top is to find out the consuming the most resources. you can press key for sorting list. ‘M’ to sort by memory usage ‘P’ to sort by CPU usage ‘N’ to sort by process ID ‘T’ to sor...

Introduction The "mount.nfs stale file handle" error is a common issue faced by Linux users, particularly when dealing with Network File System (NFS). This error can be frustrating as it prevents users from executing commands on the NFS server terminal. It typically occurs when the NFS server experiences disruptions, such as a reboot, or when there are issues with the file system. This guide will walk you through the causes of this error and provide a detailed solution to fix it, ensuring that your NFS client and server continue to function smoothly. Understanding the "mount.nfs stale file handle" Error What Is the "mount.nfs stale file handle" Error? The "mount.nfs stale file handle" error occurs when a file system has been opened and then changed, moved, or deleted on the NFS server while the client is still trying to access it. This leads to a situation where the file handle that the client uses to reference the file system is no longer valid,...

Introduction In today’s online world, website load speed is a crucial factor that not only impacts user experience but also affects the website's SEO ranking. One of the key elements influencing load time is the size of image files. Therefore, compressing and optimizing images is a necessary step to improve website performance. In this article, we will explore methods for fast and effective image compression, helping to reduce page load time while maintaining image quality. Web developers want to fast loading web pages. How to optimize image for web site with PNGs image. I using Linux operating system. Checking load web page I am use Browser Calories plugin add-ons to check web page. Web optimization Installing the tool gimp, imagemagick and optipng [huupv@huupv DR]$ sudo yum install gimp ImageMagick optipng Step 1: Get some basic information about Image Using the file command to get some information about this image [huupv@huupv Banner]$ file Devopsroles.png ...

In this tutorial, How do i use ls command. The syntax ls command ls [Option] Full list [Option] of ls command ls -a list all files including hidden file starting with '.' ls -r list in reverse order ls -R list recursively directory tree ls -s list file size ls -S sort by file size ls -t sort by time & date ls -X sort by extension name ls --color colored list [=always/never/auto] ls -d list directories - with ' */' ls -F add one char of */=>@| to enteries ls -i list file's inode index number ls -l list with long format - show permissions ls -la list long format including hidden files ls -lh list long format with readable file size ls -ls list with long format with file size For example List all files and folder with option list reverse order, sort by time & date [huupv@huupv huuphan.com]$ ls -lrt The different between files and folders and symbolic link and other with ls -F option [huupv@huupv huuphan.com]$ ls -F Here, "/...

In this tutorial, How do i use linux command write cron job. Crontab example Run cron job At every 15th minute for zimbra_full_backup.sh */15 * * * * /opt/scripts/zimbra_full_backup.sh https://crontab.devopsroles.com/ Write cron job from linux command [root@huupv huuphan.com]# echo "$(crontab -l; echo '*/15 * * * * /opt/scripts/zimbra_full_backup.sh')" | crontab - The screen output terminal: Conclusion Thought the article, How to write cron job from linux command as above . I hope will this your helpful.

In this tutorial, How do i use MySQL change user password. MySQL and MariaDB are the popular open source Database for Linux Opearating System.   Mysql change root password Note: MySQL default root password is empty when you installed Mysql or MariaDB. Now, How to reset Mysql root or other users password on linux. For MySQL 5.7 or above version Step 1: Open the command terminal. sudo mysql -u root Step 2: select the database. use mysql; Step 3: Change the root password. UPDATE mysql.user SET authentication_string=PASSWORD(' YOUR_NEW_PASSWORD ') WHERE USER='root'; FLUSH PRIVILEGES; exit For MySQL 5.7 version or older version Step 1: Open the command terminal. sudo mysql -u root Step 2: select the database. use mysql; Step 3: To change the MySQL root user password. update user set password=PASSWORD(" YOUR_NEW_PASSWORD ") where User='root'; FLUSH PRIVILEGES; exit  Step 4: restart the MySQL service systemctl restart mysq...

In this tutorial, How to create a local yum repository for Centos / Redhat / Fedora . Step 1: mount your ISO file Create folder path /mnt/dvd [huupv@huupv huuphan.com]$ sudo mkdir -p /mnt/dvd If you used a physical DVD [huupv@huupv huuphan.com]$ sudo umount /dev/sr0 [huupv@huupv huuphan.com]$ sudo mount -t iso9660 -o ro /dev/sr0 /mnt/dvd If you used an IOS file [huupv@huupv huuphan.com]$ sudo mount -t iso9660 -o loop,ro /opt/CentOS-7-x86_64-Minimal-1511.iso /mnt/dvd Step 2: Create the repository I'll use vi editor. [huupv@huupv huuphan.com]$  vi /etc/yum.repos.d/local.repo Add the following lines: [local] name=Local DVD or ISO repository baseurl= file:///mnt/dvd gpgcheck=0 enabled=1 Step 3: Test your local repository I installing nginx package using local repository. [huupv@huupv huuphan.com]$  yum install --disablerepo="*" --enablerepo="local" nginx

Introduction Learn how to effectively use the Linux find command to search for files and directories. This detailed guide covers syntax, examples, and advanced usage, ensuring you're equipped to handle any file search task on your Linux system. The Linux find command is a powerful and flexible tool for searching files and directories in a Linux system. Whether you are a seasoned sysadmin or a new Linux user, understanding how to use find can save you countless hours and make file management tasks significantly easier. This guide provides a comprehensive look at the find command, from basic usage to more advanced options, helping you master this essential Linux command. What is the Linux find Command? The find command in Linux is used to search for files and directories in a directory hierarchy based on criteria specified by the user. The command traverses the file tree from the specified directory, matching files and directories that meet the search conditions. You can use f...